Tuesday, April 30, 2013

Single Supply Instrumentation Amplifier

The OP284 is a low noise dual op amp with a bandwidth of 4MHz and rail-to-rail input/output operation. These properties make it ideal for low supply voltage applications such as in a two op amp instrumentation amplifier as shown in the diagram. The circuit uses the classic two op amp instrumentation topology with four resistors to set the gain. The transfer equation of the circuit is identical to that of a non-inverting amplifier. Resistors R2 and R3 should be closely matched to each other as well as to resistors (R1+P1) and R4 to ensure good common-mode rejection (CMR) performance. It is advisable to use resistor networks for R2 an and R3, because these exhibit the necessary relative tolerance matching for good performance.


Potentiometer P1 is used for optimum d.c. CMR adjustment, and capacitor C1 is used to optimize a.c. CMR. With circuit values as shown, circuit CMR is better than 80 dB over the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Circuit referred-to-input (RTI) noise in the 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz band is exemplary at 0.45 µVpp. Resistors R5 and R6 protect the inputs of the op amps against over-voltages. Capacitor C2 may be included to limit the bandwidth. Its value should be adjusted depending on the required closed-loop bandwidth of the circuit. The R4-C2 time constant creates a pole at a frequency, f3dB, equal to f3dB=1/2πR4C2. With a value of C2 of 12 pF, the bandwidth is about 500 kHz. The amplifier draws a current of about 2mA. 
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Saturday, April 13, 2013

12 Volt Battery Guardian

Dont get caught with a flat battery; this easy-to-build circuit can cut off the energy to a 12V fridge or automotive stereo device if the battery voltages drops beneath critical level. Electric fridges in trucks and 4 wheel drives are a actually perfect idea but if you're not automobileeful, they are able to severely discharge the battery and go away you stranded. Maybe the battery will end up with extreme injury as well. The same downside applies when you have an important stereo gadget and you like to play it without the motor running.


Main characteristics:
  • Cuts power to load (eg, fridge) when battery voltage drops under a preset stage.
  • 10A rating.
  • Low energy drain.
  • Chirping sound throughout cut-out.
  • Flashing LED indication all through cut-out.
  • Automatically reconnects energy when battery recharged.
Operation on 12V is fine when the motor is working and battery cost is maintained but if the fridge is allowed to run for too lengthy when the motor is stopped, it could neatly flatten the battery in a slightly short time. This is where the Battery Guardian comes into play. It displays the battery voltage and disconnects energy to the fridge sooner than the battery develop intos too flat to allow the engine to be began again.

Parts layout:



PCB layout:


Circuit diagram:




Source: Silicon Chip 6 May 2002
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Battery Discharger Using Discrete Components

The battery discharger revealed on this web site may be greater with the help of including a Schottky diode (D3). This be certains that a NiCd cell is discharged to not 0.6–0.7 V, but to handiest beneath 1 V as really helpful by means of the producers. An additional impact is then that gentle-emitting diode D2 flashes when the battery related to the terminals is flat. The circuit in the diagram is in protecting with an astable multivibrator operating at a frequency of about 25 kHz. When transistor T2 habitss, a present go with the flows by means of inductor L1, whereupon energy is saved in the resulting electromagnetic container. When T2 is cut off, the field crumples, whereupon a counter-emf is produced at a level that exceeds the forward voltage (about 1.6 V) of D2.


A present then flows throughout the diode in order that this milds. Diode D1 stops the present flowing via R4 and C2. This course of is halted only when the battery voltage not provides a enough base attainable for the transistors. In the original circuit, this came about at about 0.65 V. The addition of the ahead bias of D3 (about 0.3 V), the final discharge voltage of the battery is raised to 0.9–1.0 V. Additional resistors R5 and R6 ensure that enough present flows by D3. When the battery is discharged to the recommended degree, it have to be removed from the discharger considering, unlike the original circuit, a small current continues to flow by D3, R2-R3, and R5-R6 until the battery is fullly discharged.

The flashing of D2 when the battery is nearing beneficial discharge is due to the rising interior resistance of the battery decreasing the terminal voltage to beneath the threshold level. If no current flows, the interior resistance is of no final result since the terminal voltage upward pushs to the threshold voltage with the aid of taking some vitality from the battery. When the discharge is complete to the recommended stage, the LED goes out. It will have to subsequently be mentioned that the battery is discharged adequately when the LED commences to flash.



http://www.ecircuitslab.com/
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Friday, April 12, 2013

Using LTC3601 3 3V DC Power Converter

This Dc power converter circuit is designed LTC3601 from Linear Technology and is capable to up to 1.5A output current at a 3.3V. The LTC3601 operating supply voltage range is from 4V to 15V making it suitable for a wide range of power supply applications. The operating frequency of the LTC3601 buck regulator is programmable from 800kHz to 4MHz with an external resistor enabling the use of small surface mount inductors.

The LTC3601 buck regulator can operate in two modes: Burst Mode operation and forced continuous mode to allow the user to optimize output voltage ripple, noise, and light load efficiency for a given application.
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Mains Frequency Monitor

Here is a simple frequency counter designed to monitor the 240VAC primarys provide. It as a frequency range of 0-999Hz, so it may be used with 400Hz equipment. Standard TTL/CMOS common sense is employed for the counters and display drivers, whereas an ELM446 (IC1) generates accurate 1Hz pulses for gating. This instrument make the most ofs a 3.579545MHz crystal for its timebase, as usually found in TV and video circuits and even on previous PC motherboards.

Circuit diagram:

Mains Frequency Monitor Circuit Diagram


Copyright: Silicon Chip Electronics Magazine
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USB Battery Charger Circuit Rise

In recent 12 monthss, the utilization of USB or Universal Serial Bus as a reliable communiques interface in lots of digital instruments have increased because of its increased pace, size and flexibility. It essentially consists of terminals VBUS(+5V provide), GROUND, D+ and D-. As a complete lot of of the devices run on rechargeable battery, it is now the development to design the charging circuit that makes use of the energy supply from the USB port to charge the rechargeable battery. This function will make the instruments more handy to the users as the tools will get their energy from the bus and requires no outside plug or cables.


USB Bus Powered Functions
Theres essentially three lessons of USB performs on power that can be derived from the port.

  High-Power Bus The excessive energy bus energyed operates derived all its power from the VBUS and cannt draw over 100mA unless its been configured. One time configured, it would possibly probably draw as a lot as 5 unit loads(500mA) by using asking for it in its descriptor. At full load, it must have the flexibility to work between the VBUS voltage of 4.75V and 5.25V.

  Low-Power Bus The low energy bus energyed operates derived all its power from the VBUS and should now not draw over one unit load (100mA) in line with the USB usual. It should even have the flexibility to work between the VBUS voltage of 4.40V and 5.25V.

  Self-Power Self power performs can draw up to 100mA from the VBUS and the remaining from its outdoor source. This is the easystst to design.


USB Port Powered Battery Charger
This utility circuit makes use of the MCP73853/MCP73855 linear cost management controllers for value delicate utilitys. They are in particular designed for USB softwares and cling to the entire USB specs governing the USB power bus. The circuit below makes use of the MCP73855 to design a USB energyed Lithium Ion/Lithium Polymer battery costr through deriving the energy from the USB port.
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5v Powered Charge Pump Battery Charger

The circuit below will trickle charge a four cell pack of AA or AAA NiMH batteries.  The circuit draws current from the +5v available a USB connection and pumps about 70ma of current into the battery. This should be enough current to fully charge a pack of 2500ma-hour cells in about 36 hours.  The circuit uses a single 74HC14 hex Schmitt trigger inverter in conjunction with a voltage doubler charge pump circuit.

Circuit Projects: +5v Powered Charge Pump Battery Charger
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1000 Watt Power Amplifier

Power amplifier has up to 1000 Watt power, this circuit made one channel only so if you want to create a stereo in it must be made one again, actually this is more suitable power amplifier in use for Sound System or outdoor, so if only in use for the house I think is less suitable.
Maybe youve seen or even have an active speaker and there is written 1500 watts PMPO (Peak Music Power Output), make no mistake this is different from Power Amplifier Active Speaker, I often dismantle such Active Speaker in it only a power with power no more than 150 watts by using the transformer 2-3 Ampere. PMPO is not a real power which is issued by the Power Amplifier, but counting all the speakers that there is, for example: if there are 5 pieces of speakers on each channel and each speaker has a power of 10 W then it is 100 W PMPO.
1000W Power Amplifier
1000W Power Amplifier schematics
1000W Power Amplifier
Part List 1000W amplifier
While this 1000 Watt Power Amplifier minimal use transformer 20 Ampere. And the output of Power Amplifier DC voltage contains approximately 63 volts, with currents and voltages of this magnitude, this 1000 Watt Power Amplifier will not hesitate hesitate to destroy your woofer speakers to connect. To overcome that then before the speaker on connects to 1000 Watt Power Amplifier must be in pairs Speaker Protector.

Actually if you want to create a Power Amplifier with great power does not have to make a Power Amplifier with great power. Example: you want to create a Power Amplifier with 10 000 Watt power. You do not have to assemble a Power Amplifier with power of 10,000 watts, but you assemble the power Power Amplifier Small but many, such as you assemble the Power Amplifier with 1000 Watts of power for as many as 10 pieces, it will produce 10 000 Watt Power Amplifier helpless.

Circuit uses power transistors pair of 5 x 5 x 2SA1216 and 2SC2922 and 2SC1583 use a differential amplifier that actually contains 2 pieces of transistors that are in containers together. Why use such built-in amplifier differental tujuanya so identical / similar, could have uses 2 separate transistors but can result in amplifier so it is not symmetrical.

Tips combining speaker.

To get the speakers with great power combining techniques can be used in parallel series, combining each group of speakers should sepaker they will have the same impedance, the same type (Woofer, Mid Range or tweeter) and the same power. Number of merging these speakers should consists of 4 , 9, 16 ff, see picture
1000W Power Amplifier
Speaker wiring


Example: The number of speakers have 4 pieces each of its 200 Watt power generated will be a speaker at = 200 x 4 = 800 Watt. If there are 9 speakers 200 W then the result = 9 x 200 W = 1800 Watt.
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Thursday, April 11, 2013

2 X 30Watt home amplifier circuit

Audio amplifier circuit is very suitable for use at home, using a subwoofer speaker, or woofer speaker. Usually, also called home amplifier, audio amplifiers are based on the IC and ic are used still in series with type STK457 STK and besides it also can use the STK459, 460, 461, 463, 465. And each ic has the quality of each one, please look at alldatasheet.com.
home amplifier schematic

Part List :
R1 = 22K
R2 = 22K
R3 = 330R
R4 = 33K
R5 = 1K
R6 = 1K
R7 = 4.7R
R8 = 3K3
R9 = 3K3
R10 = 4.7R
R11 = 100R
R12 = 33K
R13 = 330R
C1 = 0.1uF
C2 = 0.1uF
C3 = 100uF
C4 = 100uF
C5 = 0.1uF
C6 = 47uF
C7 = 47uF
C8 = 0.1uF
C9 = 100uF
C10 = 100uF
U1 = STK457,STK459, 460, 461, 463, 465.
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1995 KLR650 Dual Sport Motocross Wiring Diagram

1995 KLR650 Dual Sport Motocross Wiring Diagram

The Part of 1995 KLR650 Dual Sport Motocross Wiring Diagram: instrument cluster, ignition switch,
right front turn signal, front brake light switch, starter button, engine stop switch, water temperature sender, meter light, high beam indicator light, neutral indicator light, fan switch, cooling fan, voltage regulator rectifier, turn signal relay, brake tail light, license light, starter circuit relay, battery, chassis ground, starter relay, CDI, neutral switch, magneto, headlight switch, dimmer switch, turn signal switch, horn button, stand switch, ignition pick up coil, chassis ground, horn, headlight, turn signal.
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How to Lights Control for Model Cars

The author gave his partner a radio controlled (RC) model car as a gif t. She found it a lot of fun, but thought that adding realistic lights would be a definite improvement. So the author went back to his shed, plugged in his soldering iron, and set to work equipping the car with realistic indicators, headlights, tail lights and brake lights.

Lights Control for Model Cars Circuit Diagram

The basic idea was to tap into the signal from the radio control receiver and, with a bit of help from a microcontroller, simulate indicators using flashing yellow LEDs and brake lights using red LEDs. Further red LEDs are used for the tail lights, and white LEDs for the headlights. Connectors JP4 and JP5 (channel 0) are wired in parallel, as are JP6 and JP7 (channel 1), allowing the circuit to be inserted into the servo control cables for the steering and drive motor respectively. The ATtiny45 micro-controller takes power from the radio receiver via diode D1. T1 and T2 buffer the servo signals to protect IC1’s inputs from damage. 
IC1 analyses the PWM servo signals and gen-erates suitable outputs to switch the LEDs via the driver transistors. T3 drives the two left indicators (yellow), T4 the two right indica-tors, and T5 the brake LEDs (red). The red tail lights (JP2-8 and JP2-8) and the white head-lights (JP2-9 and JP2-10) are lit continuously. The brake lights are driven with a full 20 mA, so that they are noticeably brighter than the tail lights, which only receive 5 mA. If you wish to combine the functions of tail light and brake light, saving t wo red LEDs, sim-ply connect pin 10 of JP2 to pin 14 and pin 12 to pin 16. Then connect the two combined brake/tail LEDs either at JP2-5 and JP2-6 or at JP2-7 and JP2-8.

JP3 is provided to allow the use of a separate lighting supply. This can either be connected to an additional four-cell battery pack or to the main supply for the drive motor. The val-ues given for resistors R8 to R17 are suitable for use with a 4.8 V supply. JP2 can take the form of a 2x10 header.

As usual the sof t ware is available as a free download from the Elektor web pages accom-panying this article[1], and ready-programmed microcontrollers are also available. The microcontroller must be taught what servo signals correspond to left and right turns, and to full throttle and full braking. First connect the fin-ished circuit to the radio control electronics in the car, making sure everything is switched of f. Fit jumper JP1 to enable configuration mode, switch on the radio control transmit-ter, set all proportional controls to their cen-tre positions, and then switch on the receiver. The indicator LEDs should first flash on both sides. Then the car will indicate left for 3 s: during this time quickly turn the steering on the radio control transmitter fully to the left and the throt tle to full reverse (maximum braking).

Hold the controls in this position until the car starts to indicate right. Then set the controls to their opposite extremes and hold them there until both sides flash again. Now, if the car has an internal combustion engine (and so cannot go in reverse), keep the throttle control on full; if the car has an electric motor, set the throttle to full reverse. Hold this position while both sides are flashing. Configuration is now complete and JP1 can be removed. If you make a mistake during the configuration process, start again from the beginning. link
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Electrical Isolation For I2C Bus

When the SDA (Serial DAta) lines on both the left and right lines are 1, the circuit is quiescent and optoisolators IC1 and IC2 are not actuated. When the SDA line at the left becomes 0, current flows through the LED in IC1 via R2. The SDA line at the right is then pulled low via D2 and IC1. Optoisolator IC2 does not transfer this 0 to the left, because the polarity of the LED in IC2 is the wrong way around for this level. This arrangement prevents the circuit holding itself in the 0 state for ever. As is seen, the circuit is symmetrical. So, when the SDA line at the right is 0, this is transferred to the left. The lower part of the diagram, intended for the SCL (Serial CLock) line, is identical to the upper part.

Electrical Isolation For I2C BusResistors R1, R4, R5, and R8, are the usual 3.3 kΩ pull-up resistors that are obligatory in each I2C line. If these resistors are already present elsewhere in the system, they may be omitted here. The current drawn by the circuit is slightly larger than usual since the pull-up resistors are shunted by the LEDs in the optoisolators and their series resistors. Nevertheless, it remains within the norms laid down in the I2C specification.
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Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod

Presently, production of robots of different types and functions are rapidly created to help people make their life easier. We can even imagine how the world would look like on the next decade to come. That is – robots do most of the work that people used to do.

Hacks and Mods: Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod

Most of the bots in the market are not controlled by Bluetooth except this bot. It’s amazing how this bot dances while controlling the Bluetooth keyboard and a lot of fun to watch for robot fanatics.
In spite the advantages of bots, it can shut down if operation failed therefore failure on its task. Then back to basics must always be a backup.
 
 
 
Source by : Streampowers
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Wednesday, April 10, 2013

5 Volt Switching Regulator Power Supply

The switching regulator power supply used LM2575-5.0 on this schematic. You can make the stable voltage by using the 3 terminal regulator like LM317. However, because the output electric current and the inputted electric current are the same approximately, the difference between the input electric power (The input voltage x The input electric current) and the output power (The output voltage x The output current) is consumed as the heat with the regulator. Because it is, the efficiency isn�t good.
5 Volt Switching Regulator Power Supply

Data sheet for LM2575
SIMPLE SWITCHER 1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator
http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LM2575.htm
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Guitarbass Wiring Techniques

Guitar Wiring on Amazing Blog About Guitar Wiring   Osiris Guitar
Amazing Blog About Guitar Wiring Osiris Guitar.


Guitar Wiring on Source   Http   Www Seymourduncan Com Support Wiring Diagrams
Source Http Www Seymourduncan Com Support Wiring Diagrams.


Guitar Wiring on Ibanez Guitar Wiring Diagram
Ibanez Guitar Wiring Diagram.


Guitar Wiring on Guitar Wiring Diagram Seymour Duncan  For Pickup Models    Circuit
Guitar Wiring Diagram Seymour Duncan For Pickup Models Circuit.


Guitar Wiring on Building Electric Guitar   Wiring The Electronics
Building Electric Guitar Wiring The Electronics.


Guitar Wiring on Stratocaster Wiring Harness
Stratocaster Wiring Harness.


Guitar Wiring on Cone Bass Guitar Woofers Wired In Series Parallel Configuration
Cone Bass Guitar Woofers Wired In Series Parallel Configuration.


Guitar Wiring on Standard Stratocaster Wiring Diagram
Standard Stratocaster Wiring Diagram.


Guitar Wiring on Guitar   Bass Wiring Techniques
Guitar Bass Wiring Techniques.


Guitar Wiring on 59 Les Paul Wiring Harness The Holy Grail Of Guitar Electronics This
59 Les Paul Wiring Harness The Holy Grail Of Guitar Electronics This.


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Chevrolet Tahoeblazer Electrical Wiring Diagramcircuit Schematic

Wire Diagram on Information About 1997 Honda Civic Ex Charging System Wiring Diagram
Information About 1997 Honda Civic Ex Charging System Wiring Diagram.


Wire Diagram on Peugeot 405 Wiring Diagram     Starting And Charging System   Circuit
Peugeot 405 Wiring Diagram Starting And Charging System Circuit.


Wire Diagram on Diamante Eclipse Mirage Montero Wiring Diagram   Circuit Schematic
Diamante Eclipse Mirage Montero Wiring Diagram Circuit Schematic.


Wire Diagram on Free Wiring Diagrams   Download Free Wiring Schematics
Free Wiring Diagrams Download Free Wiring Schematics.


Wire Diagram on Chevrolet Tahoe   Blazer Electrical Wiring Diagram   Circuit Schematic
Chevrolet Tahoe Blazer Electrical Wiring Diagram Circuit Schematic.


Wire Diagram on Wiring Diagram Here     Free Download Pdf File   Source  Mediafire
Wiring Diagram Here Free Download Pdf File Source Mediafire.


Wire Diagram on Precision Bass Wiring Schematic   Wiring Diagram
Precision Bass Wiring Schematic Wiring Diagram.


Wire Diagram on Wiki Chevrolet Cavalier   Find Also Other Chevrolet Wiring Diagram
Wiki Chevrolet Cavalier Find Also Other Chevrolet Wiring Diagram.


Wire Diagram on 1988 Bmw 325i E30 Series Wiring Diagrams   Circuit Schematic
1988 Bmw 325i E30 Series Wiring Diagrams Circuit Schematic.


Wire Diagram on Wrx Electrical System And Wiring Diagram  2002    Circuit Schematic
Wrx Electrical System And Wiring Diagram 2002 Circuit Schematic.


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1992 Chrysler Dynasty Wiring Diagram

1992 Chrysler Dynasty Wiring Diagram

The Part of 1992 Chrysler Dynasty Wiring Diagram:ground splice, front door, heated mirror, left motor
inside, splice, feed, splice, gray, deck lid pull, yellow wire, ride wire, instrument panel
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Tuesday, April 9, 2013

IC LA78040 schematic for vertical deflection

Synchronization circuit to make the signals useful in the process of scanning of the transmitter and sent to the Vertical and Horizontal. To be able to produce images on the picture tube phosphor surface is the same as what was sent, then the necessary adjustments to correct with ualsan which has decomposed on the sender and receiver on the review must be made ​​again, and this is called synchronization.



Click to view larger


On TV transmitter switching pulses that have made ​​the same frequency as in the reviewing, and by using the switching pulse is then mulapenguilasan point getter on the tube and picture tube can be adjusted simultaneously. 
At the transmitter, each end of the line reviews one pulse is emitted horizontally, and also at each end of the line vertical review (this is called a field review), another pulse is emitted. At the receiver using switching pulses had the time of the beginning (start) review can be arranged horizontally and vertically. Switching pulses are called the horizontal synchronizing signal and vertical synchronization.Vertical SynchronizationA. Vertical in the tv series has the following functionsa) bend / open beams of light (information) to the vertical direction.b) Synchronize files from a transmitter in the form of images with short time.

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Thermostat Wiring Conventional Furnace Conditioner Split

Thermostat Wiring on Basic Thermostat Wiring Diagram
Basic Thermostat Wiring Diagram.


Thermostat Wiring on Thermostat Wiring Thermostat Components
Thermostat Wiring Thermostat Components.


Thermostat Wiring on Duotherm Analog To Hunter Digital Thermostat Wiring Digram
Duotherm Analog To Hunter Digital Thermostat Wiring Digram.


Thermostat Wiring on Air Conditioner Thermostat Wiring
Air Conditioner Thermostat Wiring.


Thermostat Wiring on Thermostat Wiring For Conventional Gas Furnace Air Conditioner Split
Thermostat Wiring For Conventional Gas Furnace Air Conditioner Split.


Thermostat Wiring on Typical Electric Water Heater Construction   Wiring Diagram
Typical Electric Water Heater Construction Wiring Diagram.


Thermostat Wiring on Thermostat Wiring Issues   Doityourself Com Community Forums
Thermostat Wiring Issues Doityourself Com Community Forums.


Thermostat Wiring on Honeywell Digital Thermostat Wiring Diagram
Honeywell Digital Thermostat Wiring Diagram.


Thermostat Wiring on Of Thermostat Required For These More Complex Systems From The Wiring
Of Thermostat Required For These More Complex Systems From The Wiring.


Thermostat Wiring on P98033 Honeywell Thermostat Wiring Diagram Pci Pcmcia Express Card
P98033 Honeywell Thermostat Wiring Diagram Pci Pcmcia Express Card.


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